The Building Blocks of Pages

Page Structure and Extra Markup Identifying with ids Styling with Classes Grouping with Divs Sectioning with Spans Building a Page (Step-by-Step) TODO

Iframes

The 3-Part iframe Element 1. The <iframe> Tags 2. Source 3. Width and Height Review: The iframe Element Websites in the iframe Element Maps in the iframe Element Media in the iframe Element TODO

The Meta Element

The Meta Element Character Set Attribute Description Attribute Author Attribute Keywords Attribute Viewport Element Review: Meta Elements TODO

Escape Characters

Solving Conflicts with Escape Characters Escape Character Names Escape Character Codes Common Escape Characters TODO

Media Management

Media on the Web Sourcing Images Sourcing Video Sourcing Audio Optimizing for the Web Media Hosting and Storage TODO

Video

Adding Video in HTML The 5-Part Video Element 1. The <video> Tags 2. Source 3. Poster 4. Width and Height 5. Other Attributes Review: The Video Element Formats and Browser Support TODO

Audio

Adding Audio in HTML The 3-Part Audio Element 1. The <audio> Tags 2. Source 3. Other Attributes Review: The Audio Element Formats and Browser Support TODO

2. Source

The <audio> element takes a source attribute (src=""), which accepts a URL (relative or absolute) to a single audio file.

As with video, it is always recommended you have at least two versions of an audio file, and should use the <source> element instead.

Single-Source

Multiple-Source

You can use multiple source elements, which specifies to the browser the audio that is available in multiple formats. This is the <source > element, and again, it is used instead of the src="" attribute of an <audio> element.

Types

When using more than just .mp3 you should include multiple versions of the file, with decreasing preference. This allows the browser to then use the file format that it supports.

The <source> element is an empty element, and accepts the src="" attribute to provide the URL to the browser. Use the type="" attribute to include the MIME type, which allows the browser to instantly know if it can play that file.

Here are the types (and codecs when applicable) for the more popular audio filetypes:

MP3 - type="audio/mpeg"
WAV - type="audio/wav"
OGG -type="audio/ogg; codecs=vorbis"